SLCO1B1

The OATP1B1 protein, encoded by SLCO1B1, is a transmembrane protein that mediates the uptake of numerous substrates, including bile acids, hormones, and pharmaceuticals, from the blood into hepatocytes. This function is crucial for drug metabolism and excretion.

Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the SLCO1B1 gene, which impact the transporter’s function. The most well-studied variant is c.521T>C (rs4149056), associated with reduced transport efficiency. Individuals with this variant are at higher risk for statin-induced myopathy, a muscle-related side effect of statin medications.

Pharmacogenetic testing for SLCO1B1 variants, specifically rs4149056, can help clinicians predict patient response to statins and guide personalized therapy. For example, individuals carrying the risk allele may benefit from a lower dose of statins or an alternative cholesterol-lowering medication to mitigate the risk of myopathy.